Jessica Crabtree

The copper compound azurite is the oldest and most widespread source of blue pigments. In modern times, both cobalt and Prussian blue – one of the first synthetic pigments – have been in great demand by painters. Like purple, many organic sources of blue pigment used for making dyes are extremely rare and have been highly valued throughout history; thus the association with royalty or divinity. Tekhelet was a blue dye prized by ancient Israelites for ceremonial uses, and although its source has been lost over time it is believed to have been a specially prepared formula derived from a cuttlefish.

Blue is the color of the deepest things we know, the sea and the sky, so it has come to represent truth and wisdom. Blue tones have the most soothing effect, which may be why it is the most common favorite color. Because it is calm and clean it is a popular color in professional design.

There are almost no drawbacks to applying blue in artwork, as long as you know what you want to convey. It’s hard to overuse this color, but be selective of which tones you use to avoid a washed-out or dismal look, as some can appear gloomy – or “blue.” It contrasts well with orange and warm or golden browns.

National Geographic Photo Gallery: Life in Color – BLUE